Cylinder head



March 20, 1928. 1,662,989

F. H. sTRoup I CYLINDER HEAD Filed Dec. 15. 1926 v Fl-Lfiirmud Patented Mar. 20, 1928.

PATENT caries.

FRANCIS STROUD, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON,

CYLINDER HEAD.

Application filed December 15, 1926. Serial No. 155,085.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines of the class which use heavy oils as fuel, and the object of the present invention is to provide a means for starting p the' engine more quickly than has heretofore beefipossible and to prolong the useful existence of the heating elements in the cylinder. The invention also seeks to providemcans whereby the engine may be operated successfully upon a low compression of the fuel.

The present invention has particular reference to a novel construction of the cylinder head whereby the attainment of the stated objects and other objects which may here- ]5 inafter incidentally appear is facilitated,

and the invention resides in a novel construction which will be particularly defined in the appended claims.

' In the accompanying drawing:

Figure l'is a top plan view of a cylinder head embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a diametrical section of the same, and

Fig.3 is a bottom plan view.

-. The cylinder head is circular in form and is of a general dome shape, as shown at 1 more clearly in Fig. 2. The top of the cylinder head is formed with a flattened boss 2 whereby a clamping element may be engaged with the cylinder head to secure the.

spray nozzle in the central opening 3 provided forthe reception of the same. and it is to be noted that this opening 3 is provided with a beveled annular shoulder 4' providing a seat for the end of the nozzle so that,

when the nozzle is clamped in place,'it will be firmly held-without the formation, of

screw threads in the cylinder head. The cyl-' inder head is constructed with the usual water space 5 for cooling purposes and, at 1 any convenient point. is formed with a boss 6 having a port 7 theret-hrough in order that the water may be permitted to escape when desired, said, port being normally closed by a plug or other device in an 0bvious manner and the water being admitted through cored openings in the base or bottom 8 of the. 'headfrom the water jacket of the engine cylinder. The bottom 8 is fiat whereby it may rest firmly upon and be secured to the end of the. engine cylinder and within the head is a-cent-ral chamber 9 in which combustion ofthe fuel .is effected, the said chamber, of course, having its upper end tapered or semispherical in form where- -by it will serve to concentrate the fuel as it is delivered through the opening 3 and also provide for'the expansion of the spray as it passes to the cylinder. Immediately adja-- cent the upper end of the chamber 9. a port 10 is formed through the wall of the cylinder head, said port being formed through a boss 11 so that there will be vno weakening of the wall of the cylinderhead byjhe formation of the port. which preferably. is a resistance coil fed by a battery, is located in this port 10. and it will be noted that it is locateddirectly at the point at which the fuel enters the'eylinder head and, consequently, will act upon the fuel in its most easily ignitable condition. A liner 11', conforming to the chamher 9. disposed within said chamber, and this liner is provided adjacent its lower end with an annular flange 12 through which fastening cap screws 13 may beinserted into the wall of. the head to secure the liner in place. This liner is spaced from the surface of the chamber 9 so that an air space will be produced between the liner and the wall of the chamber, and this space will serve to prevent or retard the transmission of heat to the walls of the cylinder head and also retain the heat in the liner. At its upper end the liner 11' is providedwith an openmg 14 registering with the fuel inlet opening 3 and also is provided with a notch or opening 15 which-is alined with the port 10 containing the heating element. Immediately below the notch 15, I provide a supplemental liner 16 in the form of aring intimately united with theliner 11 so that the dissipation of heat from the upper portion. of the liner will be retarded and. consequently, there willbe. in a measurc,.'a storage of heat immediately adjacent the heating elementfandpthe point where the fuel enters the cylinderhead. As a result of this construction, the concentration of heat will be such that it will not necessary to spray the liner with a charge of fuel in order to start combustion. The engine can. consequently, be very quickly started when it is cold and the working existence of the heating element is prolonged. Because of the isolation from the cylinder walls. the supplemental liner 16 heats up very quickly whenthe engine is working and the heat supplied thereby produces rapid gasification and combustion of the fuel so that it is possible to operate the engine efliciently upon lower compression than has heretofore been considered possible. As a result; the

engine is moreiflexible in its operation and, therefore, susceptible to closer governing than hasheretofore been possible. It is vto be understood that the resistance coil or heating element in the port 10 is used only for about one minute when starting a cold engine, at the end of which period the suppleniental liner is so hot that heat radiated therefrom combined with the heat generated by compression is suflicient to'c'ause ignitlon \vit-hout further use ofthe heatin ele ment until the engine is again started from cold. The fuel is injected rapidly by the action ofthe fuel pumpwith afihigh degree of atomizationjand'it i'sunnecessanv to actually spray the fuel against a metallic sur,

face as washeretofore the usual practice.

Having thus described the intention, I claim; 1

V 1. A cylinder head for internal combostion engines provided with a central combustion chamber opening through the bottom of the head and contracted toward the top' thereof, there being a fuehinlet opening in the top of the head and a port for a a heating element "in the side of the head inimediately adjacent the'fuel inlet, and a heat-retaining liner secured at its lower end in said combustion chamber and s aced from the wall of-the same, said liner cln'g open throughout its lower end and having an f openin at its upper end registering with the file inlet openlng, and a second opening registering with the port for theheating element.

. 2. A cylinder head for internal combustion engines havinga central combustion chamber which opens through the bottom of the head and iscontractedtoward the top tending to the top thereof and having openings alining with the fuel inlet opening and the port for therheating element, and a secondary linerintegrally united with the firstanentioried liner on the inner surface of the same and near'the upper end thereof.

In testimony whereof I affix my'signature.

FRANCIS STROUD. 1 8. 

